Breakwater

ABSTRACT

Provided is a breakwater formed of a frame on the front surface of which a number of bent breakwater members stack to thereby prevent the waves or billows from being be flowed into the inner side of a seashore, seawall, harbor, or dock, and induce saving of an installation cost through a simple configuration. The breakwater includes: a frame body having a plurality of supporting frames in which a number of coupling holes arc bored; a number of breakwater members in which combining holes are bored, and the coupling holes and the combining holes arc combined with each other by coupling elements; and front and rear supporters having respective fixing wires, connection linkages and heavy bodies.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a breakwater which is installed at a seashore, seawall, harbor, or dock, in order to block the waves or billows which surge upon from the open sea, and more particularly to a breakwater formed of a frame whose upper portion is narrower as it goes up and whose lower portion is wider as it goes down, and on the front surface of which a number of bent breakwater members stack to thereby prevent the waves or billows from being be flowed into the inner side of a seashore, seawall, harbor, or dock, in advance, and induce saving of an installation cost through a simple configuration

BACKGROUND ART

In general, breakwaters are constructed and installed in order to maintain the inner sea sides of seashores, seawalls, harbors, or docks to be calm by preventing the waves or billows from being be flowed into the inner sides thereof from the open sea.

A breakwater or shore protection facility is constructed by building sand and stones of a predetermined size at a slope of a predetermined gradient and then laying covering-stones which are remarkably bigger than the sand and stones. Natural stones which are used as the covering-stones are absolutely in short of supply in view of the amount of the natural resources. Accordingly, the covering-stones are made of concrete blocks of various forms and structures instead of the natural stones and then coated. Tetrapods named triangles each of a structure that four spans are radially protrudingly installed on the upper surfaces of the blocks are installed in each one side of the seashores, seawalls, harbors, or docks, so as to be used as breakwaters.

However, the existing tetrapods are concrete tetrapods which are fabricated by assembling steel frameworks and applying concrete in the framework, and curing the concrete for about twenty-eight days. Then, the concrete tetrapods are transported to seashores, seawalls, harbors, or docks, and then installed in inland and outport breakwaters. As a result, since the existing concrete tetrapods are formed by concrete molds whose total specific gravity is not large, they are insufficient to fight against the enormous force of the waves or billows applied at the installed state, it was the actual condition.

Therefore, in the case that the flow of the seawater is rough, a location of the existing tetrapods is frequently changed. In the serious case, the existing tetrapods may be seceded very much from the installation position and may be lost. In this case, as the connected state of the existing tetrapods is collapsed, the problem of being properly unable to perform the function of breakwater has been exposed.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, various kinds of breakwaters have been proposed.

As an example, Korean Registration Utility Model No. 310135 entitled “Frame type breakwater” will be briefly described as follows. As it can be seen from claims of the publication, a unit structure of a frame type breakwater and a frame of the unit structure are proposed therein. Here, the unit structure of the breakwater comprises the steps of: forming a sand and stone foundation stage of a predetermined width and height on the upper side of the seafloor; erecting a number of vertical pillars of a predetermined height having a square cross-section in a unit lower slab, at locations spaced by a predetermined identical distance from the leading portions of the inland and outland sea on a unit lower slab upper surface of a width slightly smaller than width of a base section upper surface of the sand and stone foundation stage upper surface and a predetermined height; connecting a unit upper slab having the same width and thickness as those of the unit lower slab in the vertical pillar upper portion erected in the upper surface of the unit lower slab; providing front and rear walls so as to be connected downwards with the leading ends of the inland sea and open sea of the unit upper slab at right angle; boring a number of seawater throughholes in the front wall; and applying and curing cap concrete on the upper surface of the upper slab on site.

As another example, Korean Registration Utility Model No. 364541 entitled “Wave dissipation block lamination type breakwater” will be briefly described below. As it can be seen from claims of the publication, a wave dissipation block lamination type breakwater comprises: a lowermost layer wave dissipation block accomplished by an upper plate having a number of pillars formed of conical protrusions in all-direction on the upper surface left and right, with a rectangular frame whose front surface is inclined inwards; an intermediate layer wave dissipation block on the front surface of which a semi-circular arc groove is formed, in the front of the upper surface of which a single pillar formed of conical protrusions in all-directions is formed, in the rear side of the pillar of which a male key is formed, on the bottom of which a female key is formed, and the rear surface of which is of the same angle of that of the inclination of the breakwater; an uppermost layer wave dissipation block on the front surface of which a semi-circular arc groove is formed, on the upper surface of which a pair of pillars formed of conical protrusions in all-directions are formed in parallel to the front and rear sides, on the bottom of which a female key is formed; the rear surface of which is of a vertical surface surface-contacting the front surface of cap concrete and an inclined surface surface-contacting that of the breakwater; and cap concrete on the front surface of which semi-circular grooves are formed.

In the case of the conventional breakwaters, they are constructed of a block structure of stacking breakwaters in a lamination type. Accordingly, breakwaters can be extensively stacked over at a higher position when necessary, and the block structure is formed by firmly stacking the breakwaters, to thereby prevent the breakwaters from being lost or location-changed by serious waves or billows. However, the compositional elements are complicated, and thus a burden of expenses due to the installation cost may increase. Further, working time may be delayed by a concrete curing period according to use of the concrete or transportation of the concrete and concrete structure may be difficult or delayed.

Furthermore, in the case of the conventional breakwaters, since blocks blocking the waves or billows are formed of a single structure made of concrete, a partial loss of the breakwater may occur by the impact applied when the waves or billows are hit.

That is, the conventional breakwaters result in setting up concrete high walls in the seashores, seawalls, harbors, or docks. For example, with the flood tide by the tsunami or the large typhoon named hurricane or cicada, the waves or billows may hit the wall-shaped breakwaters with a very large amount of force, which causes part of the concrete blocks to be lost.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

To solve the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a breakwater which is installed at a seashore, seawall, harbor, or dock, in order to block waves or billows, and formed of a frame whose upper portion is narrower as it goes up and whose lower portion is wider as it goes down, having a predetermined inclined angle, and on the front surface of which a number of bent breakwater members stack to thereby reduce a damage by the high waves or billows.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a breakwater in which breakwater members are installed in a spaced state at a predetermined interval, to thereby reduce a hitting force of the waves or billows caused by the flood tide by the tsunami or the large typhoon named hurricane or cicada, as low as possible, and prevent a loss of the breakwater in advance.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a breakwater which can be easily installed using coupling elements such as bolts and nuts at the time of combining the frame and breakwater members, and does not give a burden in view of an installation cost.

To accomplish the above object of the present invention, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a breakwater comprising:

a frame body having a plurality of supporting frames whose upper side ends are engaged with each other and which are split at a predetermined inclined angle so that each supporting frame whose upper portion is narrower as it goes up and whose lower portion is wider as it goes down, and in which a number of coupling holes are bored, and a number of bottom frames to which the lower ends of the supporting frames are coupled and supported;

a number of breakwater members in which combining holes corresponding to the coupling holes of the supporting frames of the frame body are bored, and the coupling holes and the combining holes are combined with each other, by coupling elements and which are combined with the front ends of the supporting frames; and

front and rear supporters having respective fixing wires which are coupled with the upper ends of the supporting frames, connection linkages respectively connected to the bottoms of the fixing wires, and heavy bodies on the upper portion of which the connection linkages are respectively formed.

Preferably, the breakwater members are formed of curved faces which are shaped with a predetermined curvature.

Preferably, the coupling elements comprise coupling bolts fitted into the combining holes bored in the breakwater members, and coupling nuts fitted into the combining holes bored in the breakwater members and coupled with the coupling bolts fitted through the coupling holes formed in the supporting frames.

Preferably, the heavy bodies constituting the supporting bodies can be formed of a net body accommodating a number of heavy weight materials such as stones.

Preferably, the number of the supporting frames are more adamantly supported by reinforcement frames which are coupled with the sides of the supporting frames.

Preferably, the breakwater further comprises a concrete support made of poured concrete which is formed in the lower end of the bottom frame of the frame body, so that the bottom frame is sunken inwards.

Preferably, the breakwater further comprises a support net body in which a number of heavy weight materials including stones are accommodated in the inner-lower side of the bottom frame of the frame body.

Preferably, the breakwater further comprises a horizontal frame installed between the supporting frames of the frame body, wherein the breakwater member is vertically combined with the front end of the horizontal frame to block the waves or billows.

Preferably, the breakwater members can be formed of a rectangular shape in a straight line form.

Preferably, the breakwater member is comprised of a single plate in which a number of elongate air vent holes are formed, and a number of the plates are stacked over each other in the front surfaces of the supporting frames of the frame body.

As described above, the breakwater according to the present invention comprises the frame body, the breakwater members, and the supporting members supporting the frame body and the breakwater members. In addition, the breakwater members are combined with the supporting frames of the frame body by a simple bolt jointing manner.

In addition, since the breakwater members are formed of curved faces which are shaped with a predetermined curvature, high waves or billows are quickly scattered when they are hit on the breakwater members. As a result, the impact which the breakwater members receive becomes degraded and thus the breakwater members are not lost or collapsed.

Furthermore, as the height of the frame, body with which the breakwater members are combined can be extensively installed as necessary, the breakwater can be highly set up according to a place or region or the height of the waves or billows, to thereby prevent the waves or billows from invading the inner side of the seashores, seawalls, harbors, or docks by the flood tide by the tsunami or the large typhoon named hurricane or cicada.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of a breakwater according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view showing an example of the breakwater according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a partially omitted disassembled perspective view showing a combination state of the compositional essential parts of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a supporter which is a compositional essential part according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing a breakwater according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a side view showing a breakwater according to still another preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a partially omitted disassembled perspective view showing the configuration of the breakwater according to still another preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a front view showing breakwater members which are essential parts of the breakwater according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a breakwater according to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinbelow, breakwaters according to preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of a breakwater according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view showing an example of the breakwater according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a partially omitted disassembled perspective view showing a combination state of the compositional essential parts of the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 1 through 3, a breakwater according to the present invention is installed at a seashore, seawall, harbor, or dock, in order to block waves or billows which are generated from the sea by the flood tide by the tsunami or the large typhoon named hurricane, cyclone, or cicada, to thereby reduce damage as much as possible.

Referring to FIGS. 1 through 3, the breakwater according to the present invention includes: a frame body 10 having a plurality of supporting frames 11 whose upper side ends are engaged with each other and which are split at a predetermined inclined angle so that each supporting frame whose upper portion is narrower as it goes up and whose lower portion is wider as it goes down, and in which a number of coupling holes 11 a are bored, and a number of bottom frames 12 to which the lower ends of the supporting frames 11 are coupled and supported; a number of breakwater members 20 in which combining holes 21 corresponding to the coupling holes 11 a of the supporting frames 11 of the frame body 10 are bored, and the coupling holes 11 a and the combining holes 21 are combined with each other, by coupling elements 22 and which are combined with the front ends of the supporting frames 11; and front and rear supporters 30 having respective fixing wires 31 which are coupled with the upper ends of the supporting frames 11, connection linkages 32 respectively connected to the bottoms of the fixing wires 31, and heavy bodies 33 on the upper portion of which the connection linkages 32 are respectively formed.

The breakwater members 20 are preferably formed of curved faces 23 which are shaped with a predetermined curvature. Accordingly, when waves or billows are hit on the breakwater members 20, the hitting force is dispersed outwardly in order to minimize the impact which the breakwater members 20 receive.

The breakwater members 20 are illustrated in an arc hemispherical form, but are not limited thereto. The breakwater members can be formed in various forms.

The coupling elements 22 comprise coupling bolts 22 a fitted into the combining holes 21 bored in the breakwater members 20, and coupling nuts 22 b fitted into the combining holes 21 bored in the breakwater members 20 and coupled with the coupling bolts 22 a fitted through the coupling holes 11 a formed in the supporting frames 11. Instead of the coupling bolts 22 a and the coupling nuts 22 b, the supporting frames 11 and the breakwater members 20 can be directly fused with each other by welds or combined with each other by coupling pins.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a supporter which is a compositional essential part according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 4, the heavy bodies 33 constituting the supporting bodies 33 can be formed of a net body 33 b accommodating a number of heavy weight materials 33 such as stones. Besides, the heavy bodies 33 can be formed of a concrete structure made of poured concrete having a heavy weight.

In addition, the number of the supporting frames 11 are more adamantly supported by reinforcement frames 13 which are coupled with the sides of the supporting frames 11.

Referring back to FIG. 3, the reinforcement frames 13 are coupled with the sides of the supporting frames 11 by separate bolts B and nuts N, or by welds therebetween.

As described above, a number of breakwaters according to the present invention are installed as necessary at a seashore, seawall, harbor, or dock, in order to minimize damage incurred in the inland sea by waves or billows generated by the open sea.

The breakwater according to the present invention is firmly supported by the supporting bodies 30, to thereby prevent the waves or billows generated by the flood tide by the tsunami or the large typhoon named hurricane, cyclone or cicada from invading the inner side of the seashores, seawalls, harbors, or docks, houses or trees from falling down, roads from flooding, and minimize damage.

FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing a breakwater according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 5, the breakwater further includes a concrete support 40 made of poured concrete which is formed in the lower end of the bottom frame 12 of the frame body 10, so that the bottom frame 12 is sunken inwards. Accordingly, the breakwater according to the present invention is more adamantly supported.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing a breakwater according to still another preferred embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 6, the breakwater further includes a support net body 50 in which a number of heavy weight materials 51 including stones are accommodated in the inner-lower side of the bottom frame 12 of the frame body 10. The support net body 50 also plays a role of adamantly supporting the breakwater when the waves or billows generated by the flood tide by the tsunami or the large typhoon named hurricane, cyclone or cicada are hit on the breakwater, and thus preventing the breakwater from falling down, or being lost.

FIG. 7 is a partially omitted disassembled perspective view showing the configuration of the breakwater according to still another preferred embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 7, the breakwater further includes a horizontal frame 14 installed between the supporting frames 11 of the frame body 10, in which the breakwater member 20 is vertically combined with the front end of the horizontal frame 14 to block the waves or billows.

That is, a number of the breakwater members which are essential parts of the breakwater according to the present invention are installed in the front surface of the supporting frames 11, horizontally or vertically. However, the installation direction of the breakwater member is not limited thereto.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing breakwater members which are essential parts of the breakwater according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 8, the breakwater members 20 can be formed of a rectangular shape in a straight line form.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a breakwater according to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 9, the breakwater member 20 is comprised of a single plate 60 in which a number of elongate air vent holes 61 are formed, and a number of the plates 60 are stacked over each other in the front surfaces of the supporting frames 11 of the frame body 10.

As described above, the breakwater according to the present invention comprises the frame body, the breakwater members, and the supporting members supporting the frame body and the breakwater members. In addition, the breakwater members are combined with the supporting frames of the frame body by a simple bolt jointing manner.

In addition, since the breakwater members are formed of curved faces which are shaped with a predetermined curvature, high waves or billows are quickly scattered when they are hit on the breakwater members. As a result, the impact which the breakwater members receive becomes degraded and thus the breakwater members are not lost or collapsed.

Furthermore, as the height of the frame body with which the breakwater members are combined can be extensively installed as necessary, the breakwater can be highly set up according to a place or region or the height of the waves or billows, to thereby prevent the waves or billows from invading the inner side of the seashores, seawalls, harbors, or docks by the flood tide by the tsunami or the large typhoon named hurricane or cicada.

As described above, the present invention has been described with respect to particularly preferred embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and it is possible for one who has an ordinary skill in the art to make various modifications and variations, without departing off the spirit of the present invention. Thus, the protective scope of the present invention is riot defined within the detailed description thereof but is defined by the claims to be described later and the technical spirit of the present invention.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

As described above, the present invention provides a breakwater formed of a frame whose upper portion is narrower as it goes up and whose lower portion is wider as it goes down, and on the front surface of which a number of bent breakwater members stack to thereby prevent the waves or billows from being be flowed into the inner side of a seashore, seawall, harbor, or dock, in advance, and induce saving of an installation cost through a simple configuration. 

1. A breakwater comprising: a frame body having a plurality of supporting frames whose upper side ends are engaged with each other and which are split at a predetermined inclined angle so that each supporting frame whose upper portion is narrower as it goes up and whose lower portion is wider as it goes down, and in which a number of coupling holes are bored, and a number of bottom frames to which the lower ends of the supporting frames are coupled and supported; a number of breakwater members in which combining holes corresponding to the coupling holes of the supporting frames of the frame body are bored, and the coupling holes and the combining holes are combined with each other, by coupling elements and which are combined with the front ends of the supporting frames; and is front and rear supporters having respective fixing wires which are coupled with the upper ends of the supporting frames, connection linkages respectively connected to the bottoms of the fixing wires, and heavy bodies on the upper portion of which the connection linkages are respectively formed.
 2. The breakwater according to claim 1, wherein the breakwater members are formed of curved faces which are shaped with a predetermined curvature.
 3. The breakwater according to claim 1, wherein the coupling elements comprise coupling bolts fitted into the combining holes bored in the breakwater members, and coupling nuts fitted into the combining holes bored in the breakwater members and coupled with the coupling bolts fitted through the coupling holes formed in the supporting frames.
 4. The breakwater according to claim 1, wherein the number of the supporting frames are more adamantly supported by reinforcement frames which are coupled with the sides of the supporting frames.
 5. The breakwater according to claim 1, further comprising a support net body in which a number of heavy weight materials including stones are accommodated in the inner-lower side of the bottom frame of the frame body.
 6. The breakwater according to claim 1, further comprising a horizontal frame installed between the supporting frames of the frame body, wherein the breakwater member is vertically combined with the front end of the horizontal frame to block the waves or billows.
 7. The breakwater according to claim l, wherein the breakwater member is comprised of a single plate in which a number of elongate air vent holes are formed, and a number of the plates are stacked over each other in the front surfaces of the supporting frames of the frame body. 